I-Acrylonitrile: Yeyiphi imizi-mveliso esetyenziswa kakhulu? Lithini ikamva le-acrylonitrile?

I-Acrylonitrile iveliswa yi-oxidation reaction kunye nenkqubo yokucoca ngokusebenzisa ipropylene kunye namanzi e-ammonia njengezinto eziluhlaza.Ngaba uhlobo iikhompawundi eziphilayo, ifomula yemichiza C3H3N, lulwelo oluhlabayo engenambala, ukutsha, umphunga kunye nomoya ungenza umxube oqhumayo, kwimeko yomlilo ovulekileyo, ubushushu obuphezulu kulula ukubangela ukutsha, kunye nokukhulula igesi enetyhefu, kunye ne-oxidant. , i-asidi eyomeleleyo, isiseko esomeleleyo, i-amine, ukuphendula kwe-bromine ngobudlova.

Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengento ekrwada yefiber ye-acrylic kunye ne-ABS/SAN resin. Ngaphandle koko, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-acrylamide, i-pastes kunye ne-adiponitrile, irabha yokwenziwa, iLatex, njl.

Acrylonitrileizicelo zemarike

I-Acrylonitrile zizinto ezintathu ezinkulu zokwenziwa (iplastiki, irabha yokwenziwa, ifayibha yokwenziwa) imathiriyeli ekrwada ebalulekileyo,ilizwe lethu i-acrylonitrile esezantsi yokusetyenziswa kwe-acrylonitrile igxininiswe kwi-ABS, i-acrylic kunye ne-acrylamide amasimi amathathu, ii-akhawunti ezintathu malunga ne-80% yokusetyenziswa okupheleleyo kwe-acrylonitrile. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso lwezixhobo zasekhaya kunye neemoto, i-China iye yaba lelinye lamazwe akhula ngokukhawuleza kwimakethi ye-acrylonitrile yehlabathi. Iimveliso ezisezantsi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zendlu, iimpahla, iimoto, amayeza kunye nezinye iinkalo kuqoqosho lwelizwe.

I-Acrylonitrile iveliswa yi-oxidation reaction kunye nenkqubo yokucoca ipropylene kunye ne-ammonia. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-resin kunye ne-acrylic fiber. Ifayibha yeCarbon yintsimi yesicelo enemfuno yokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo.

Ifayibha yeCarbon, njengenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziswa ezantsi kwe-acrylonitrile, yinto entsha egxile kuphando nophuhliso eTshayina.Ifayibha yekhabhoni iye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemathiriyeli ekhaphukhaphu, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwizinto ezidlulileyo zetsimbi, kwimimandla yasemkhosini neyezomkhosi iye yaba yeyona nto iphambili yesicelo.

Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe,iacrylonitrileimakethi ibonisa indlela enkulu yophuhliso:

Okokuqala, ipropane njengento eluhlaza yomgca wokuvelisa i-acrylonitrile ikhuthazwa ngokuthe ngcembe;
Okwesibini, uphando lwee-catalysts ezintsha lusesihloko sophando lwabaphengululi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe;
Okwesithathu, isixhobo esikhulu;
Okwesine, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, ukulungiswa kwenkqubo kubaluleke kakhulu;
Okwesihlanu, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kuye kwaba ngumxholo obalulekileyo wophando.

Ulwalathiso lophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-acrylonitrile
Ngokutsho koqikelelo, i-acrylonitrile ezayo iminyaka emi-5 yelizwe lethu ukukhula kwamandla okuvelisa kukhulu kunokukhula kweemfuno ezisezantsi, umthamo wokungenisa elizweni uya kuncipha ngakumbi, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuyaqhubeka nokunyuka, ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo lomsebenzi wemarike yasekhaya.