Ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali
Ishishini lemichiza lijongene nemingeni ebalulekileyo yolawulo lokusingqongileyo kwiukunyanga amanzi ayo amdakaukukhutshwa.Ungcoliseko olulahlwa ziindawo zokucokisa i-petroleum kunye nezityalo zepetrochemical ziquka ungcoliseko oluqhelekileyo olufana ne-oyile kunye namafutha kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo, kunye ne-ammonia, i-chromium, i-phenol kunye ne-sulfides.
Isityalo samandla
Izikhululo zamandla efosili, ngakumbi ezo ezibaswa ngamalahle, zingowona mthombo uphambiliamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso.Uninzi lwezi zityalo lukhupha amanzi amdaka aqulathe amanqanaba aphezulu esinyithi afana nelothe, imekyuri, i-cadmium kunye nechromium, kunye neekhompawundi ze-arsenic, selenium kunye nenitrogen (nitrates kunye ne-nitrites).Izityalo ezinolawulo longcoliseko lomoya, ezifana nezikhuhla ezimanzi, zihlala zigqithisela ungcoliseko oluthinjiweyo kwimijelo yamanzi amdaka.
Imveliso yentsimbi/yentsimbi
Amanzi asetyenziswa kwimveliso yentsimbi asetyenziselwa ukupholisa kunye nokwahlulwa kwemveliso.Ingcolisekile ngeemveliso ezifana ne-ammonia kunye ne-cyanide ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqala yokuguqulwa.Umjelo wenkunkuma uquka ibenzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenol kunye necresol.Ukwenza i-iron kunye nentsimbi kwiipleyiti, iingcingo, okanye imivalo kufuna amanzi njengesiseko sokuthambisa kunye nesipholileyo, kunye nolwelo olwenziwa ngamanzi, ibhotolo, kunye nezinto eziqinileyo zegranular.Amanzi ensimbi ye-galvanized adinga i-hydrochloric kunye ne-sulfuric acid.Amanzi amdaka aquka amanzi okuhlamba iasidi kunye neasidi emdaka.Uninzi lwamanzi amdaka oshishino lwentsimbi angcolisekile ngolwelo olusebenza ngehydraulic, olukwaziwa ngokuba zii-oyile ezinyibilikayo.
Indawo yokwenza isinyithi
Inkunkuma evela kwimisebenzi yokugqiba isinyithi idla ngodaka (intlenga) enezinyithi ezinyityilisiweyo kulwelo.Ukufakwa kwesinyithi, ukugqiba isinyithi kunye nebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo (PCB) imisebenzi yokuvelisa ivelisa ubuninzi be-silt equkethe i-hydroxide yensimbi efana ne-ferric hydroxide, i-magnesium hydroxide, i-nickel hydroxide, i-zinc hydroxide, i-hydroxide yobhedu kunye ne-aluminium hydroxide.Amanzi amdaka okugqiba isinyithi kufuneka acocwe ukuze athobele yonke imimiselo esebenzayo ngenxa yokuchaphazeleka kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwabantu/kwezilwanyana kule nkunkuma.
Indawo yokuhlamba impahla
Umzi mveliso weenkonzo zamalaphu zorhwebo ujongana nesixa esikhulu sempahla minyaka le, kwaye ezi yunifomu, iitawuli, umgangatho we-MATS, njl.njl., zivelisa amanzi amdaka azaliswe ngamafutha, i-wadding, isanti, igrit, isinyithi esinzima, kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo zezinto eziphilayo ekufuneka zinyangwe. ngaphambi kokukhululwa.
Ishishini lezemigodi
Iintsalela zezimbiwa ngumxube wamanzi kunye namatye acolekileyo atyunyuziweyo ashiyekileyo ekususweni kwezimbiwa zezimbiwa, ezifana negolide okanye isilivere, ngexesha lokusebenza kwemigodi.Ukulahlwa okusebenzayo kweentsalela zezimbiwa ngumngeni ongundoqo kwiinkampani zemigodi.Iintsalela zezimbiwa luxanduva lokusingqongileyo kunye nomngeni omkhulu weendleko kunye nethuba lokunciphisa iindleko zokuhamba kunye nokulahla.Izikimu zonyango ezichanekileyo zinokupheliswa kumachibi e-tailing.
I-oyile kunye negesi fracking
Amanzi amdaka asuka kukomba irhasi ye-shale athathwa njengenkunkuma enobungozi kwaye anetyuwa eninzi.Ukongeza, amanzi axutywe neekhemikhali zemizi-mveliso kwi-inaliti ye-Well ukwenza kube lula ukugrumba iqulethe i-sodium ephezulu, i-magnesium, isinyithi, i-barium, i-strontium, i-manganese, i-methanol, i-chlorine, i-sulfate kunye nezinye izinto.Ngexesha lokomba, izinto zendalo zeradioactive zibuyela kumphezulu kunye namanzi.Amanzi aqhekekileyo asenokuqulatha iihydrocarbons, kuquka ityhefu efana nebenzene, toluene, ethylbenzene kunye nexylene enokukhutshwa ngexesha lokomba.
Indawo yokucoca amanzi/amanzi amdaka
Imveliso ephuma kwimizi-mveliso yokucoca ilindle kukuveliswa kwenkunkuma enezinto ezininzi ezinokungcolisa.Nkqu namanzi asetyenzisiweyo asetyenzisiweyo aneklorijini anokuqulatha izinto zokubulala iintsholongwane ezifana ne-trihalomethane kunye ne-haloacetic acid.Iintsalela eziqinileyo ezivela kwizityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-biosolids, zinezichumisi eziqhelekileyo, kodwa zinokuqulatha isinyithi esinzima kunye neekhompawundi ze-organic zokwenziwa ezifumaneka kwiimveliso zasekhaya.
Ukulungiswa kokutya
Ugxininiso lwezitshabalalisi, izibulali-zinambuzane, inkunkuma yezilwanyana kunye nezichumisi ekutyeni nakumanzi amdaka ezolimo zonke kufuneka zilawulwe.Kwinkqubo yokucubungula ukutya okuvela kwizinto eziluhlaza, umzimba wamanzi uzaliswe ngumthwalo ophezulu we-particle kunye ne-soluble organic matter ebalekayo okanye iikhemikhali.Inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo evela ekuxhelweni nasekulungisweni kwezilwanyana, ulwelo lomzimba, izinto zamathumbu kunye negazi zonke ziyimithombo yongcoliseko lwamanzi olufuna ukucocwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-15-2023